effect of wheat processing and dietary lipid source on performance and fatty acids profile in steak of holstein male calves

to evaluate the effects of wheat processing and dietary lipid sources on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics and fatty acids profile in meat of fattening calves, a number of 28 holstein male calves averaging in weight of 296±56kg were randomly allotted in four treatments (7 steers each). the study was conducted in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (two methods of wheat processing: steam flake and treatment with formaldehyde and lipid source; roasted soybean (rsb) and rumifat). the experiment followed a completely randomized design. the study lasted for 98 ds (14d adaption). dry mater intake (dmi) and average daily gain (adg) of calves were respectively evaluated daily and monthly. following the ?nal weighing at 85d, and in order to measure the traits related to carcass characteristics, three steers per treatment were slaughtered. no significant differences were detected for dmi, adg and feed efficiency. carcass traits were not affected by dietary treatments. the levels of c18:2, c18:3, c24:0 and polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) were greater (p < 0.01) in steaks from steers fed rsb. rsb consumption resulted in increases the levels of c18:0 and conjugated linoleic acid (cla) in steaks (p < 0.02). in contrast, amount of c:16 and saturated fatty acid (sfa) were greater (p < 0.01 and p